Pneumatic Rotary Joint

Analysis of the working principle of pneumatic rotary joint

1, Structural description of pneumatic rotary joint

Pneumatic rotary joint is a rotary connector driven by air pressure, mainly composed of a rotating part and a fixed part. The rotating part includes the rotor and the bearings below the rotor, while the fixed part includes the stator and the sealing ring above the stator. The structure of the rotor and stator is relatively simple, usually with an airflow channel on the rotor. After the gas enters the channel from the gas source, it drives the movement of the rotor through pressure, thereby achieving the rotation connection of the rotor.

2, The working process of pneumatic rotary joint

When the gas passes through a complex flow channel and enters the airflow channel in the rotating part, it drives the rotor to start rotating. The rotational angular velocity is proportional to the pressure of the gas source, and the higher the angular velocity, the greater the load it bears. The motion of the rotor will drive the pipes or tools attached to it to rotate. Meanwhile, the sealing ring above the stator can seal the joint and prevent air leakage during connection.

3, Advantages and disadvantages of pneumatic rotary joints

The pneumatic rotary joint has the following advantages: ① it can achieve dynamic connection, which can rotate or swing left and right; ② Lightweight, simple structure, high reliability, and long service life; ③ Suitable for equipment that is difficult to connect with cables, such as rotary tire production lines, CNC machining machines, etc.

In terms of drawbacks, due to the need for manual or automatic maintenance of a certain pressure for the air source of the pneumatic rotary joint, unstable air source pressure can lead to the joint not working properly. At the same time, there may be wear, air leakage, and other phenomena between the connections, which require timely repair and replacement.

In summary, although pneumatic rotary joints have certain drawbacks, their advantages make them irreplaceable in special occasions. Understanding and mastering the working principle of pneumatic rotary joints is of great help and guidance for the selection in production and application.

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